What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
What is inflammatory bowel disease IBD Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of long-term inflammatory conditions that affect the digestive tract.
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The two most common IBD types are:
Ulcerative Colitis: Found in the innermost food of your colorectal and rectum. It produces inflammation and ulcers. Crohn's disease: Found somewhere in the digestive tract (from the mouth to the anus), but mostly in the small intestine. There is no known medical cure for IBD, but there are a number of treatment options to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.
Unfortunately, inflammatory disease affects more than 1 million people in the US and 2.5 million people in Europe (1).
Summary: Inflammatory disease is a group of inflammatory conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are two main types.
Symptoms of IBD
Symptoms vary by type and severity of IBD and may change with time.
If inflammation is severe, IBD is considered active and symptoms are worse.
When inflammation is low, IBD is considered in remission and the patient is mostly symptom-free.
Common symptoms are some of the following:
Chronic diarrhea Chronic constipation Fever Belly pain, flatulence and cramping Fatigue urgency, Intestine to move blood in the stool Dehydration Reduced appetite and / or unintended weight loss Anemia (too little red blood cells) Night sweating loss of the normal menstrual cycle Note that these symptoms overlap with those of many other conditions, which is why there is a thorough procedure for your Doctor to follow to diagnose it.
Summary: Symptoms of IBD vary greatly and depend on the severity of the inflammation, although they are usually digestive. Patients who become symptom-free are classified as remission.
IBS vs IBD
It is important to make the distinction between the two acronyms.
Irritive bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional digestive disorder. That is, there is no clear physical question, Which causes the symptoms. That is why it is called a syndrome and not a disease.
Diet and lifestyle changes are usually sufficient to handle it. In addition, IBS is common to affect between 13-20% of those in the US, UK and Australia (2, 3).
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to physical inflammation of the digestive tract, especially in the colon (called intestine or colon). It is this inflammation which causes the symptoms.
It is far less common than IBS but also much heavier. Links not managed can cause irreversible damage and can be life-threatening.
IBS versus IBD
Source: Examine.com Research Digest. Click to enlarge.
Summary: IBS is a functional disorder, Which is not related to physical changes in the digestive tract. IBD is a disease characterized by physical damage to the digestive tract which can cause serious complications.
What causes IBD?
IBD is complex and the specific cause remains unknown.
Those with a family history are more likely to develop, so there is a clear genetic component. This genetic predisposition is similar to autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and celiac disease (4).
IBD is also associated with a reduced variety of bacteria in the intestine, known as the intestinal microbiome. In particular, an increase in bacteria with anti-inflammatory effects and a decrease in bacteria with anti-inflammatory effects (5).
Environmental factors are also likely to be contributors, such as stress, smoking, eating patterns, and other lifestyle choices that can affect intestinal bacteria (6, 7).
Researchers now believe that an interaction between unfavorable genetic and environmental factors triggers a harmful immune response to the digestive tract (8).
What causes IBDInteractive factors that lead to the development of inflammatory diseases. Click to enlarge.
Summary: The cause of IBD remains unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetics and environmental factors.
Conventional IBD treatment
There is no cure for IBD.
The aim of the treatment is to reduce inflammation that drive symptoms. For this reason, the treatment methods vary according to IBD type and severity (9).
Medication
medications are usually the first approach (10).
These include powerful anti-inflammatory drugs and immune system suppressors.
Other medicines may also be required:
Anti-diarrheal drugs to add bulk to stools Pain killers for mild pain Iron supplements when individuals experience anemia from chronic bleeding Vitamin preparations for deficiencies Surgery
surgery for the treatment of IBD is not uncommon.
In fact, 20% of individuals with ulcerative colitis and up to 80% of individuals with Crohn's disease will eventually undergo surgery (11).
In many cases, patients have a surgery, Because symptoms become intolerable. They can be good on medicines for a while, but then for unknown reasons they no longer react.
Surgery can cure ulcerative colitis as an inflammation